Mwezi uno, Walmart ikuchotsa zikwama zamapepala zogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ndi matumba apulasitiki kumalo obweza ku New York, Connecticut, ndi Colorado.
M'mbuyomu, kampaniyo idasiya kugawa matumba apulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ku New York ndi Connecticut, komanso kumadera ena a Colorado.Walmart ikupereka zikwama zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyambira pa 74 cents kwa makasitomala omwe sabweretsa zikwama zawo.
Walmart ikuyesera kukhala patsogolo pa malamulo ena aboma omwe amalimbana ndi pulasitiki.Makasitomala ambiri akufunanso kusintha, ndipo Walmart yadziyika yokha cholinga chobiriwira chopanga ziro ku US pofika 2025.
Izi ndi mayiko ena, motsogozedwa ndi opanga malamulo a demokalase, achitapo kanthu mwamphamvu pazachilengedwe, ndipo Walmart akuwona mwayi wokulitsa zoyesayesa zake m'maiko awa.Maiko khumi ndi madera opitilira 500 m'dziko lonselo achitapo kanthu kuti aletse kapena kuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki opyapyala ndipo, nthawi zina, zikwama zamapepala, malinga ndi gulu lachilengedwe la Surfrider Foundation.
M'maboma aku Republican, komwe Walmart ndi makampani ena akhala akudana ndi kudula kwa pulasitiki ndi njira zina zosinthira nyengo, ayenda pang'onopang'ono.Malinga ndi Surfider Foundation, mayiko 20 apereka malamulo oletsa omwe amalepheretsa ma municipalities kukhazikitsa malamulo amatumba apulasitiki.
Kuchoka pamatumba apulasitiki ndi mapepala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ndi "kovuta," adatero Judith Enk, yemwe kale anali woyang'anira dera la Environmental Protection Agency komanso pulezidenti wamakono wa Beyond Plastics, osapindula omwe akugwira ntchito yothetsa kuipitsa kwa pulasitiki komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi.
"Pali njira zina zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito," adatero."Izi zikuwonetsa kufunika kochepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki.Ndi zophwekanso.”
Matumba apulasitiki adawonekera m'masitolo akuluakulu ndi maunyolo ogulitsa m'ma 1970 ndi 80s.Izi zisanachitike, ogula ankagwiritsa ntchito zikwama zamapepala kutenga zakudya ndi zinthu zina m'sitolo.Ogulitsa asinthira kumatumba apulasitiki chifukwa ndi otsika mtengo.
Anthu aku America amagwiritsa ntchito matumba apulasitiki pafupifupi 100 biliyoni chaka chilichonse.Koma zikwama zotayidwa ndi zinthu zina zapulasitiki zimakhala ndi zoopsa zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe.
Kupanga pulasitiki ndiye gwero lalikulu lamafuta amafuta omwe amathandizira kuti pakhale zovuta zanyengo komanso zochitika zanyengo.Malinga ndi lipoti la 2021 lochokera ku Beyond Plastics, makampani apulasitiki aku US azitulutsa matani pafupifupi 232 miliyoni a mpweya wa kutentha kwapadziko lonse pachaka pofika chaka cha 2020. Chiwerengerochi ndi chofanana ndi mpweya wapakati wa 116 wamagetsi apakatikati amagetsi oyaka malasha.
Bungweli likulosera kuti pofika chaka cha 2030, makampani opanga mapulasitiki ku US athandizira kwambiri kusintha kwanyengo kuposa makampani opanga magetsi opangira malasha mdziko muno.
Matumba apulasitiki ndiwonso gwero lalikulu la zinyalala zomwe zimathera m'nyanja, mitsinje ndi ngalande, ndikuyika nyama zakutchire pangozi.Malinga ndi gulu lolimbikitsa zachilengedwe la Ocean Conservancy, matumba apulasitiki ndi mtundu wachisanu wa zinyalala zapulasitiki zomwe zimapezeka kwambiri.
Malinga ndi EPA, matumba apulasitiki satha kuwonongeka ndipo 10% yokha ya matumba apulasitiki ndi omwe amapangidwanso.Matumba akapanda kuikidwa bwino m'zinyalala, amatha kukhala pamalo ozungulira kapena kutsekereza zida zobwezeretsanso m'malo obwezeretsanso.
Komano, matumba a mapepala ndi osavuta kukonzanso kuposa matumba apulasitiki ndipo amatha kuwonongeka, koma madera ena ndi mizinda yatenga chigamulo choletsa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mpweya wokhudzana ndi kupanga kwawo.
Pamene chiwopsezo cha chilengedwe cha matumba apulasitiki chikuwunikiridwa, mizinda ndi zigawo zikuyamba kuwaletsa.
Kuletsa matumba apulasitiki kwachepetsa kuchuluka kwa matumba m'masitolo ndipo kulimbikitsa ogula kuti abweretse matumba ogwiritsidwanso ntchito kapena kulipira ndalama zochepa pamatumba a mapepala.
"Lamulo loyenera lachikwama limaletsa matumba apulasitiki ndi chindapusa," adatero Enk.Ngakhale kuti makasitomala ena amazengereza kubweretsa zikwama zawo, iye amayerekezera malamulo amatumba apulasitiki ndi malamulo oletsa malamba a mipando ndi kuletsa kusuta fodya.
Ku New Jersey, kuletsa matumba apulasitiki ogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi ndi mapepala kumatanthauza kuti ntchito zobweretsera golosale zasintha kukhala matumba olemetsa.Makasitomala awo tsopano akudandaula za matani amatumba olemetsa omwe sakudziwa choti achite.
Matumba ogwiritsidwanso ntchito - matumba a nsalu kapena zokhuthala, zolimba kwambiri - sizoyeneranso, pokhapokha zitagwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Matumba apulasitiki olemera kwambiri amapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zomwezo monga matumba apulasitiki ocheperako nthawi zonse, koma amakhala olemera kuwirikiza kawiri komanso okonda chilengedwe pokhapokha atagwiritsidwanso ntchito mobwerezabwereza.
Lipoti la 2020 la United Nations Environment Programme lapeza kuti matumba okhuthala, olimba amafunika kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi 10 mpaka 20 poyerekeza ndi matumba apulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi.
Kupanga matumba a thonje kumakhudzanso chilengedwe.Malinga ndi bungwe la United Nations Environment Programme, thumba la thonje liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito maulendo 50 mpaka 150 kuti lisawononge kwambiri nyengo kusiyana ndi thumba la pulasitiki logwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi.
Palibe zambiri zakuti anthu amagwiritsa ntchito kangati matumba ogwiritsidwanso ntchito, Enk adati, koma ogula amawalipira ndipo mwina amawagwiritsa ntchito kambirimbiri.Matumba ansalu nawonso amatha kuwonongeka ndipo, akapatsidwa nthawi yokwanira, sakhala pachiwopsezo ku zamoyo zam'madzi monga matumba apulasitiki.
Pofuna kulimbikitsa kusamukira ku zikwama zomwe zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, Walmart ikuwayika m'malo ambiri ozungulira sitolo ndikuwonjezera zikwangwani.Anasinthanso mizere yolipirira kuti zikhale zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito matumba ogwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Mu 2019, Walmart, Target ndi CVS adatsogoleranso ndalama za Beyond the Bag, njira yofulumizitsa kusintha kwa matumba apulasitiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi.
Walmart iyenera kuyamikiridwa chifukwa choyesetsa kupitilira malamulo, adatero Enk.Ananenanso za Trader Joe's, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito zikwama zamapepala, ndi Aldi, yomwe ikuchotsa matumba apulasitiki m'masitolo ake onse aku US kumapeto kwa 2023, monga atsogoleri akuchoka ku pulasitiki yogwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi.
Ngakhale kuti mayiko ambiri akuyenera kuletsa matumba apulasitiki ndipo ogulitsa akuwachotsa m'zaka zikubwerazi, zidzakhala zovuta kuchotsa matumba apulasitiki atsopano ku United States.
Mothandizidwa ndi magulu amakampani apulasitiki, mayiko a 20 adutsa zomwe zimatchedwa kuti malamulo oletsa omwe amalepheretsa ma municipalities kukhazikitsa malamulo amatumba apulasitiki, malinga ndi Surfider Foundation.
Encke adatcha malamulowo ndi owopsa ndipo akuti pamapeto pake amavulaza okhometsa misonkho omwe amalipira kuyeretsa komanso kuthana ndi mabizinesi obwezeretsanso pamene matumba apulasitiki atseka zida.
"Malamulo a boma ndi abwanamkubwa sayenera kuletsa maboma ang'onoang'ono kuchitapo kanthu kuti achepetse kuipitsidwa kwa malo," adatero.
Zambiri pazakudya zamagulu zimaperekedwa ndi BATS.Zizindikiro zamsika zaku US zimawonetsedwa munthawi yeniyeni, kupatula S&P 500, yomwe imasinthidwa mphindi ziwiri zilizonse.Nthawi zonse zili mu US Eastern Time.Factset: FactSet Research Systems Inc. Ufulu wonse ndi wotetezedwa.Chicago Mercantile: Deta ina yamsika ndi katundu wa Chicago Mercantile Exchange Inc. ndi omwe amapereka ziphaso.Maumwini onse ndi otetezedwa.Dow Jones: Dow Jones Brand Index ndi eni ake, amawerengedwa, amagawidwa ndikugulitsidwa ndi DJI Opco, wothandizidwa ndi S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC, ndipo ali ndi chilolezo chogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi S&P Opco, LLC ndi CNN.Standard & Poor's ndi S&P ndi zizindikilo zolembetsedwa za Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC ndipo Dow Jones ndi chizindikiro cholembetsedwa cha Dow Jones Trademark Holdings LLC.Zonse zomwe zili mu Dow Jones Brand Index ndizovomerezeka ndi S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC ndi/kapena mabungwe ake.Mtengo wokwanira woperekedwa ndi IndexArb.com.Tchuthi zamsika ndi nthawi yotsegulira zimaperekedwa ndi Copp Clark Limited.
© 2023 CNN.Kutulukira kwa Warner Bros.Maumwini onse ndi otetezedwa.CNN Sans™ ndi © 2016 CNN Sans.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-08-2023