Bioplastics ndi zinthu zapulasitiki zopangidwa kuchokera ku biomass m'malo mwa mafuta osakanizika ndi gasi.Ndiwokonda zachilengedwe koma amakonda kukhala osakhazikika komanso osinthika kuposa mapulasitiki achikhalidwe.Zimakhalanso zosakhazikika zikamatenthedwa.
Mwamwayi, asayansi a ku yunivesite ya Akron (UA) apeza njira yothetsera vuto lomalizali podutsa mphamvu za bioplastics.Kukula kwawo kungathandize kwambiri kuti mapulasitiki apitirizebe mtsogolo.
Shi-Qing Wang, PhD lab ku UA, akupanga njira zabwino zosinthira ma polima osalimba kukhala zida zolimba komanso zosinthika.Zaposachedwa kwambiri za gululi ndi kapu ya polylactic acid (PLA) yomwe ili yolimba kwambiri, yowonekera bwino, ndipo siyimachepera kapena kupunduka ikadzazidwa ndi madzi otentha.
Pulasitiki yakhala gawo lofunikira m'moyo wathu watsiku ndi tsiku, koma zambiri sizitha kubwezedwanso chifukwa chake zimaunjikana m'malo otayirako.Njira zina zowonjezedwa ngati za PLA nthawi zambiri sizikhala zamphamvu zokwanira kuti zilowe m'malo mwa ma polima amtundu wamafuta monga polyethylene terephthalate (PET) chifukwa zida zokhazikikazi ndizovuta kwambiri.
PLA ndi njira yotchuka ya bioplastic yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka ndi ziwiya chifukwa ndiyotsika mtengo kupanga.Labu ya Wang isanachite izi, kugwiritsa ntchito PLA kunali kochepa chifukwa sikumatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri.Ichi ndichifukwa chake kafukufukuyu atha kukhala wopambana pamsika wa PLA.
Dr. Ramani Narayan, wasayansi wotchuka wa bioplastics komanso pulofesa wotuluka pa yunivesite ya Michigan State, anati:
PLA ndiye polima wotsogola padziko lonse lapansi 100% wosawonongeka komanso wopangidwa ndi kompositi.Koma imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono.Imafewetsa ndi kusweka mwadongosolo pafupifupi madigiri 140 F, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera mitundu yambiri yazakudya zotentha ndi zotengera zotayidwa.Kafukufuku wa Dr. Wang akhoza kukhala luso lopambana chifukwa chikho chake cha PLA chimakhala champhamvu, chowonekera, ndipo chimatha kusunga madzi otentha.
Gululo linaganizanso za zovuta za pulasitiki ya PLA pamlingo wa maselo kuti akwaniritse kukana kutentha ndi ductility.Nkhaniyi imapangidwa ndi mamolekyu a unyolo omangika pamodzi ngati sipaghetti, olumikizana wina ndi mzake.Kuti akhale thermoplastic yamphamvu, ochita kafukufukuwo adayenera kuwonetsetsa kuti crystallization sichikusokoneza kapangidwe kake.Amatanthauzira izi ngati mwayi wonyamula Zakudyazi zonse nthawi imodzi ndi timitengo tambirimbiri, m'malo mongochotsa zotsalazo.
Kapu yawo ya pulasitiki ya PLA imatha kusunga madzi osawola, kuchepera kapena kukhala opaque.Makapu awa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yosamalira zachilengedwe kuposa khofi kapena tiyi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-08-2023